How to be a Good Moderator: Signs Your Session Is Headed for Trouble, and How to Fix It

A strong panel doesn’t happen by accident. Even with knowledgeable speakers and a relevant topic, the success of a session often comes down to one person: the moderator.

We view the moderator as a neutral facilitator. Someone who drives the conversation, encourages engagement, draws out insights, and keeps the energy moving. When done well, a moderator turns a simple discussion into a session people remember. When done poorly, it can leave attendees wondering why they showed up at all.

Here’s how to spot trouble early, and what it takes to moderate a panel the right way.

Signs Your Session Is Headed for Trouble

Most attendees can tell within the first few minutes whether a session will be valuable. Moderators should be able to recognize these warning signs and step in quickly.

1. The session starts with long bios and no direction.

If the moderator simply reads introductions and opens the floor, it usually signals a lack of preparation. Without a clear plan, the conversation becomes scattered and uneven.

2. One speaker dominates the conversation.

Panels are meant to offer multiple perspectives. When one person takes over, it limits the discussion and frustrates both the other panelists and the audience.

3. The discussion drifts off topic.

Interesting side conversations happen, but if no one brings the focus back, the session loses its purpose.

4. Awkward silences start to appear.

A moderator without prepared questions puts the entire session at risk. Long pauses and uncertain transitions quickly drain the energy from the room.

What It Takes to Be a Great Moderator

A moderator’s job goes far beyond keeping time or introducing speakers. They shape the tone, structure, and overall experience of the session.

Prepare with the Speakers in Advance

Before the session, reach out to panelists to:

  • Review their slides or talking points

  • Understand the key messages they want to deliver

  • Align on the flow of the discussion

This ensures the conversation feels intentional rather than improvised.

Manage the Flow of the Conversation

A moderator’s job is to:

  • Keep the discussion on topic

  • Make sure each panelist has time to contribute

  • Maintain a steady, engaging pace

  • Encourage audience participation when appropriate

Think of the moderator as the guide who keeps the conversation moving in a productive direction.

Come Ready with Thoughtful Questions

Even the most interactive sessions need structure. Having a list of prepared questions:

  • Prevents awkward pauses

  • Helps transition between topics and speakers

  • Creates opportunities for deeper insights and discussion

Even in highly interactive sessions, a clear structure keeps everything on track.

How to Refocus a Panel That’s Getting Off Course

Even the most well planned sessions can wander. A good moderator knows how to redirect the conversation without disrupting the flow. These tips can be helpful when you’re panel gets off topic:

  • Connect the tangent back to the main topic.

    Ask the speaker how their point relates to the core subject of the session.

  • Use natural pauses to transition.

    Gently step in during a break in the conversation and move to the next question or speaker.

  • Help speakers summarize.

    If someone is rambling, ask them to highlight their key takeaway before shifting the discussion forward.

These techniques keep the conversation respectful, focused, and productive.

Moderator Habits That Attendees Don’t Love

Some behaviors quickly signal that a session won’t deliver much value. Steer clear of these habits if you want to command respect and keep your audience engaged.

  • Showing up unprepared

  • Relying entirely on audience questions

  • Failing to guide the discussion

  • Allowing long, uncomfortable silences

Attendees can tell when a moderator hasn’t done the homework, and it reflects on the entire event. Don’t fall victim to this, preparedness is important!

A Well Moderated Session Makes All the Difference

A moderator isn’t just there to introduce speakers. They’re the person responsible for the energy, structure, and success of the session. With preparation, clear direction, and a few thoughtful questions, moderators can turn an ordinary panel into a truly engaging experience..

When the moderator is confident, prepared, and actively guiding the conversation, everyone benefits - speakers, attendees, and the overall event.

Need Help Creating Sessions That Deliver Real Value?

At Meeting Achievements, we help organizations design and execute meetings that are purposeful, engaging, and results-driven. From content planning to on-site execution, our team ensures every session is set up for success.

Let’s talk about your next event.

Elli Hicks